한국 해군의 해양영역인식(MDA) 필요성과 전력 발전방안에 관한 연구

정우송^*

해군 소령/해군대학 해군지휘참모과정 학생장교

A Study on Need to Maritime Domain Awareness(MDA) and Force Development Plan of ROK Navy

Woo Song Jeong^*

LCDR, ROK Navy/Student officer of Naval Commander & Step Course, ROK Naval War College

Correspondence to: ^*Woo Song Jeong ROK Naval War College 271, Jaun-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34059, Republic of Korea E-mail: dnthd0319@naver.com

초록

한국은 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸인 해양국가로서 인도-태평양 지역의 전략적 환경 변화와 함께 해양에서의 위협이 다양화·입체화되고 있다. 본 연구는 한국 해군이 직면한 해양 위협을 주권영역에서는 직접적 위협인 북한, 준주권영역에서는 잠재적 위협인 주변국, 공공영역에서는 초국가·비군사적 위협으로 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 실시간 감시체계를 중심으로 한 해군전력 발전의 필요성을 제시하고, 핵심 전력으로 ‘지능형 광역 해양감시체계’와 ‘저궤도 위성 기반 우주감시함’을 우선적으로 도입되어야 함을 제안하였다. 아울러 해군 내 해양영역인식 관련 3가지 추진과제를 통해 정보우위 기반의 해양작전 수행능력 확보와 대응 역량 강화의 방향성을 제시하였다.

Abstract

As a maritime nation surrounded by seas on three sides, South Korea is facing increasingly diverse and multi-dimensional maritime threats amid the evolving strategic environment of the Indo-Pacific region. This study analyzes the maritime threats faced by the Republic of Korea (ROK) Navy by categorizing them into three domains: direct threats from North Korea in the Sovereign Maritime Zone, potential threats from neighboring countries in the Semi-sovereign Maritime Zone, and transnational and non-military threats in the Global Commons Maritime Zone. Based on this analysis, the study highlights the necessity of developing naval power centered on a real-time surveillance system. It proposes the prioritized introduction of two core force: the "Intelligent Wide-Area Maritime Surveillance System" and the "Low Earth Orbit Satellite-Based Space Surveillance Ship." Furthermore, it suggests three key initiatives to enhance MDA and operational responsiveness. These efforts aim to secure information superiority and strengthen the Navy’s capacity to conduct effective maritime operations.

Keywords:

Maritime Domain Awareness, Naval Power, Maritime Surveillance System, Space Surveillance Ship, Threat

키워드:

해양영역인식, 해군 전력, 해양감시체계, 우주감시함, 위협

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