전환기 북극 안보환경과 대한민국의 북극정책: 거버넌스 제약, 정당성, 그리고 해군 역할의 재구성

송, 상래¹ ; 김, 종하²^{, *}

1한남대학교 정치언론국제학과 박사과정
2한남대학교 정치언론국제학과 교수

The Evolving Arctic Security Environment and South Korea’s Arctic Policy: Governance Constraints, Legitimacy, and the Shift in Naval Roles

Sang Rae Song¹ ; Jong Ha Kim²^{, *}

1Ph.D. student, Department of Politics & Communication Studies, Hannam University
2Professor, Department of Politics & Communication Studies, Hannam University

Correspondence to: ^*Jong Ha Kim 70 Hannam-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 34430, Republic of Korea Tel: +82-42-629-8439 E-mail: jong-ha44@hanmail.net

초록

본 연구는 우크라이나 전쟁 이후의 북극 지정학과 거버넌스 재편 속에서 대한민국 북극정책을 지원하기 위한 해군의 역할·임무·능력 재구성 원리를 제시한다. 분석결과 북극의 위협은 군사·거버넌스·환경·사회적 위험이 중첩된 회색지대형 해양안보 문제로 나타나며, 한국의 북극정책은 정책 목표와 현장 실행 역량 사이에 전략적 공백이 존재함을 확인한다. 이를 뒷받침하기 위한 해군의 우선 임무로 수색·구조, 해양영역인식, 재난대응, 규범 기반 군사외교를 중심으로 한 저자극 협력형 패키지를 제시한다.

Abstract

This study presents the principles for reconfiguring the roles, missions, and capabilities of the Republic of Korea (ROK) Navy to support national Arctic policy amid the realignment of Arctic geopolitics and governance following the Ukraine War. The analysis identifies that Arctic threats manifest as gray-zone maritime security issues where military, governance, environmental, and social risks overlap. Concurrently, it confirms a strategic gap between policy objectives and on-site execution capabilities in South Korea's Arctic policy. To address this, the study proposes a non-provocative cooperative package as the Navy's priority missions, focusing on search and rescue (SAR), maritime domain awareness (MDA), disaster response, and rules-based military diplomacy.

Keywords:

Arctic, Arctic Policy, Maritime Security, Governance, Legitimacy, ROK Navy Strategy

키워드:

북극, 북극정책, 해양안보, 거버넌스, 정당성, 해군 역할

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