전사 분석을 통한 미래 전장에서 대(對)중국 해상봉쇄 방안에 관한 연구

최우석^*

해군 소령/해군대학 해군지휘참모과정 학생장교

A Study on Maritime Blockade Strategies Against China in Future War: An Analysis of Naval History

Woo Seok Choi^*

LCDR, ROK Navy/Student officer of Naval Commander & Step Course, ROK Naval War College

Correspondence to: *Woo Seok Choi 271, Jaun-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34059, Republic of Korea E-mail: woosuk5242@gmail.com

초록

본 연구는 6·25전쟁과 걸프전에서 미국이 수행한 해상봉쇄 사례를 작전 3요소인 시간, 공간, 전투력의 관점에서 분석하여 해상봉쇄의 효과와 교훈을 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 미래 전장에서 중국에 대한 한미 연합 해상봉쇄 방안과 한국 해군의 역할을 제시하였으며, 결론적으로 연합 다영역봉쇄의 필요성을 제안하였다.

Abstract

This study analyzes the effects and lessons of maritime blockades conducted by the United States (US) in past wars and proposes combined Republic of Korea (ROK)–US maritime blockade strategies against China for future warfare. To this end, the study examines the cases of the Korean War and Gulf War through the three operational elements time, space, and force. The analysis shows that successful maritime blockade requires rapid initiation, sustained execution, appropriate blockade lines based on the theater situation, and mission allocation according to the capabilities of participating forces. Based on these findings, the study argues that a combined multi-domain blockade should be implemented against China, considering China’s naval power and anti-access/area-denial capabilities. In this framework, the US would lead operations across the inner and outer blockade lines and broader domains, whereas the ROK Navy would secure maritime control in its assigned waters, deter North Korean intervention, and support blockade operations against Chinese naval movements. The study concludes that a combined multi-domain blockade is essential for achieving effective maritime coercion in future war.

Keywords:

Maritime Blockade, Three Elements of Operations, War-Sustaining Capability, Anti-Access/Area Denial, A2/AD, Combined Multi-Domain Blockade

키워드:

해상봉쇄, 작전 3요소, 전쟁지속능력, 반접근/지역거부, 연합 다영역봉쇄

References

U.S. Navy, Navigation Plan 2024, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, 2024.09, p. 6.
Byung-kwang Park, An Evaluation of China’s Global Initiative Strategy: Focusing on Strategic Intent and Feasibility, INSS Strategic Report No. 347, 2025, p. 1.
Naval Force Analysis, Test and Evaluation Group, Glossary of Maritime Strategy Terms, Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, 2017, pp. 128-129.
Russell F. Weigley, The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy, Indiana University Press, 1997, p. 293.
Milan N. Vego, Joint Operational Warfare: Theory and Practice, U.S. Naval War College, 2009, pp. 15-20.
Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, The Korean War and ROK-U.S. Naval Operations, Naval Force Test and Evaluation Group, 2020, p. 253.
Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, The Korean War and ROK-U.S. Naval Operations, p. 329.
Byeong-eun Yang, The Contemporary Value of Naval Blockade, Naval War College Research Papers, 1992, pp. 132-133.
Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, Naval Operations in the Gulf War, Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, 1992, p. 35.
U.S. Department of Defense, Conduct of the Persian Gulf War: Final Report to Congress, U.S. Department of Defense, 1992, pp. 221-222.
Chang-bin Jeon, The Rise of Security Threats in the East China Sea and the Strategic Approach of the Korean Military, Naval War College / Korea Institute for Maritime Strategy Research Project, 2023, p. 23.
Sean Mirski, ‘Stranglehold: The Context, Conduct and Consequences of an American Naval Blockade of China,’ Journal of Strategic Studies, VOL. 36, NO. 3, 2013, pp. 385-421. [https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2012.743885]