해상풍력발전소가 해양작전에 미치는 영향과 극복방안

배학영^*

국방대학교 전략학부 부교수

The Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Maritime Operations and the Proposals for Navy Operation

Hackyoung Bae^*

Associate Professor, Dept. of Strategic Studies, Korea National Defense University

Correspondence to: ^*Hackyoung Bae E-mail: baehackyoung@gmail.com

초록

해상풍력발전소는 지속 가능한 에너지 개발을 위한 중요한 시설로, 대한민국은 2030년까지 대규모 풍력발전 프로젝트를 계획 중이다. 그러나 이러한 발전소는 해양 공간을 점용하는 특성상 군사 작전, 해상 교통, 어업 활동 등 다양한 분야에 중대한 영향을 미친다. 특히, 해상 작전 구역과의 중첩은 군사적 효율성과 국가 안보에 부정적 영향을 미칠 가능성이 크다. 본 연구는 해상풍력발전소가 군사 작전에 미치는 구체적인 영향을 분석하고, 기동로 제한, 사격구역 침해, 경비구역 영향 등 주요 문제를 논의한다. 이를 바탕으로 해양수산부를 중심으로 한 협의체 구성, 군사 작전 구역 조정, 풍력발전소 배치 및 설계 개선 등 구체적인 조정 방안을 제안한다. 이를 통해 신재생에너지와 국가 안보라는 목표를 조화롭게 달성할 수 있는 방향을 모색한다.

Abstract

Offshore wind farms are a critical element in achieving sustainable energy development, with South Korea planning large-scale projects by 2030. However, these installations occupy maritime spaces, potentially impacting military operations, maritime traffic, and fishing activities. Specifically, the overlap between offshore wind farms and operational zones could negatively affect military efficiency and national security. This study analyzes the impact of offshore wind farms on military operations, focusing on issues such as maneuvering route limitations, interference with firing exercise zones, and effects on patrol areas. Based on these findings, it proposes measures such as the establishment of a cooperative body led by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, adjustments to operational zones, and improvements in wind farm design and placement. These strategies aim to harmonize the dual goals of renewable energy expansion and national security.

Keywords:

Offshore Wind Farms, Maritime Operational Zones, Firing Exercise Zones, Patrol Areas, Cooperative Body Formation

키워드:

해상풍력발전소, 해상작전구역, 사격구역, 경비구역, 협의체 구성

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