협업형 AI 전투참모 구현을 위한 기술동향과 향후 발전 방향

이승언^*

해군 소령/해군대학 지휘참모과정 학생장교

Technological Trends and Future Directions for Implementation of a Collaborative AI Battle Staff

Seung Eon Lee^*

LCDR, ROK Navy/Student officer of Naval Commander & Staff Course, ROK Naval War College

Correspondence to: *Seung Eon Lee 405, Building 228, Complex 2, 431 Jaun-ro 97beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea E-mail: leeun1121@gmail.com

초록

본 논문은 협업형 AI 전투참모 구현을 위한 주요 기술동향을 검토하고, 향후 발전 방향을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 협업형 AI 전투참모는 지휘관과 참모를 대체하는 자율적 의사결정체계가 아니라, 의사결정 과정을 보조하고 작전적 판단을 보완하는 지능형 참모지원체계로 이해할 수 있다. 본 연구는 국방 생성형 AI의 적용 동향을 살펴보고, LLM, RAG, 멀티모달 AI, 상황인지, M&S, XAI, 경량화 모델 등 AI 전투참모 구현에 필요한 핵심기술의 발전 양상을 분석하였다. 또한, 향후 발전방향으로 군 데이터 기반 구축, 보안환경 확보, 기존 체계와의 연계, 신뢰성 검증, 인간-AI 협업절차 정립을 중심으로 단계적 발전방안을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine key technological trends for implementing a collaborative artificial intelligence (AI) battle staff and to suggest future development directions. A collaborative AI battle staff should be understood not as an autonomous decision-making system that replaces commanders and staff officers, but as an intelligent staff-support system that assists the decision-making process and complements operational judgment. In this study, the application trends of generative AI in the defense sector were reviewed, and the development of core technologies required for an AI battle staff was analyzed, including large language models, retrieval-augmented generation, multimodal AI, situation awareness, modeling and simulation, explainable AI, and lightweight AI models. In addition, this paper suggests phased development directions focused on establishing a military data foundation, securing protected operating environments, integrating with existing systems, verifying reliability, and establishing human-AI teaming procedures.

Keywords:

Collaborative AI Battle Staff, Human-AI Teaming, Command Decision Support

키워드:

협업형 AI 전투참모, 인간-AI 협업, 지휘 결심지원

References

Marine Safety Team, ‘Republic of Korea Navy Launches LLM-Based ‘AI Battle Staff’: From Response to North Korean Merchant Vessels near the NLL to Broader Maritime Operations,’ Haesa News, January 26, 2026.
Simun Yuk & Youngho Cho, ‘Recent Trends on Generative AI in National Defense,’ Journal of Internet Computing and Services, VOL. 26, NO. 1, 2025, pp. 203-209.
Dae-Hyun Yoo & Sang-Baek Kim, ‘Application Measures and Implications of LLMs in the Defense M&S Field,’ KIDA Defense Issues & Analyses, NO. 2066, 2025.
C. E. Lee, J. H. Son, H. S. Park, S. Y. Lee, S. J. Park, & Y. T. Lee, ‘Technical Trends of AI Military Staff to Support Decision-Making of Commanders,’ Electronics and Telecommunications Trends, VOL. 36, NO. 1, 2021, pp. 90-98.
Ji-Won Kim & Jong-Min Yang, ‘Military Use of Artificial Intelligence: Implications of Global Trends for Korea,’ KISDI Perspectives, 2025 February No. 2, 2025, pp. 1-18.